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Compression Molded [Golf] A manufacturing method for graphite heads and face inserts in which layers of graphite are placed upon one another and heat cured to create the clubhead or insert.

Compression Ratio [Motor Sports] The total volume of the cylinder compared to the compressed volume when the piston reaches the top of its stroke. The higher the ratio, the more power the engine produces. Winston Cup engines have a compression ratio of 12 to 1 and Busch engines have had a compression ratio of 9-1/2 to 1. Beginning with the 2001 season the Busch cars will also have 12:1 compression ratio engines. With 150 more horsepower, the BGN cars will have significantly more power.

Comps [Video Poker] Short for Compensation, rewards that a Casino pays you for playing. They will give you a plastic card that should be inserted in the Video Poker Machine while you are playing. The Casino then tracks your play, and rewards you accordingly, providing you ask for your rewards. They include cash back, free meals, and free rooms.

Compulsories [Gymnastics] Routines that contain movements required of all gymnasts. Compare optionals.

Compulsory Dives [Diving] See required dives.

Compulsory Insurance [Motor Sports] Any type of insurance that is required by law.

Computer Forecast [General] The computer forecast and B.A.G.S forecasts are the returns used by bookmakers to calculate forecast bets

Computer Hand [Poker] 1) Any hand that computer analysis/simulation determines is positive but turns out to be difficult to play in practice. 2) In hold 'em, Q-7 as one's first two cards. Comes from an apocryphal story that "someone" did an extensive computer simulation of hold 'em hands in which those two cards appeared most frequently in the flop, or, in some stories, among the down cards. The simulation was atypical, however, because the chances are the same for any two cards of different ranks.

Computer Ticket [Keno] A keno ticket generated by a computer.

Concacaf [Soccer] The Confederation Norte-Centroamericana y Del Caribe de Footbal — the regional organization of North American and Central American soccer under which World Cup qualifying matches are played; member countries include the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and Central American and Caribbean countries.

Concave [Poker] A card trimmed such that its middles are narrower than its ends.

Concave Card [Poker] A card trimmed such that its middles are narrower than its ends.

Concealed [Poker] Pertaining to cards in the hole that complete a hidden, winning hand. In seven-card stud, concealed trips would be three hole cards of the same rank, a hand that other players might not suspect.

Concealed Hand [Poker] A hand played in such a way that you would not suspect it of being very good, but that turns out to be so. For example, if, in lowball, two players kept raising each other back and forth, and a third just kept calling all the bets, you might suspect that he was drawing one to a good hand. If he turned out to have a pat wheel, that would be a concealed hand. In any poker game, if one player lets the others do all the betting for him, usually because the situation allows him to just keep calling without ever having to make a raise or leading bet of his own, and that player actually holds a hand that cannot lose, he is said to have a concealed hand. Also called hidden hand.

Concealed Pair [Poker] In stud, a pair, both cards of which are among a player's first two down cards.

Concealment [Motor Sports] The withholding of facts by an applicant on an insurance application.

Condition [Horse Racing] Equine form or fitness; to train a horse; the terms of a race, such as purse size, eligibility qualifications, and weight concessions.

Condition Book [Horse Racing] A booklet written by the racing secretary and published for the horsemen which lists all races, conditions and other information pertinent to the race meet. Trainers use the condition book as a guide for placing their horses in specific races at specific racetracks.

Condition Book(s) [Horse Racing] A series of booklets issued by a racing secretary which set forth conditions of races to be run at a particular racetrack.

Condition Race [Horse Racing] An event with conditions limiting it to a certain class of horse. Such as: Fillies, 3-year-olds, non-winners of two races other than maiden or claiming, etc.

Conditional Bet [General] A bet which is dependent on a specific condition being fulfilled. e.g. 'if win', 'if lose', 'any to come' Esc

Conditional Jockey [Horse Racing] Same as 'Apprentice' but also allowed to jump.

Conditioned Race [Horse Racing] Eligibility to enter is determined by a set of conditions such as age, sex, races won, etc.

Conditioner [Horse Racing] 1) A trainer. 2) A workout or race to enable a horse to attain fitness.

Conditioning [Keno] The way a player wishes to play his ticket; written in a manner resembling a fraction, such as 2/4, 1/8, which translates into two four-spots and one eight-spot.

Conditions [Horse Racing] The requirements of a particular race. This may include age, sex, money or races won, weight carried and the distance of the race.

Condoning [Croquet] Failure of a player to claim a foul within the limits of claims makes the play in question valid, with no foul charged to the striker.

Condor [Golf] A four-under par shot. A hole-in-one on a par 5 for example. Has occurred on a hole with a heavy dogleg, hard ground and no trees. Might also be called "a triple eagle".

Condylar (Fracture) [Horse Racing] A fracture in the lower knobby end (condyle) of the lower (distal) end of a long bone such as the cannon bone or humerus (upper front limb).

Cone [Golf] Generic term used to describe the process of using a special tool to “countersink” or “radius” the inside of a hosel in order to help provide a measure of protection , particularly for a graphite shaft.

Confederate [Poker] An accomplice or partner of a thief.

Conference Winning Pct. [Baseball] Over the course of its first five BIG EAST seasons (1996-2000), Notre Dame ranks first in the 11-member conference with: a .705 overall winning percentage (215-90, Rutgers is second at .634), a .736 BIG EAST regular-season winning percentage (81-29, Rutgers is second at .713) and a .702 winning percentage in combined BIG EAST regular-season and tournament games (92-39, Rutgers is second at .690). St. John's owns the best BIG EAST Tournament winning pct. during the past five seasons (.600, 10-6), followed by Notre Dame at .524 (11-10). The double-elimination tournament has been the ultimate bugaboo for Notre Dame, with the same team providing the Irish losses during each of the first three seasons (WVU in '96, Villanova in '97, Rutgers in '98) before the Irish were beaten by complete game-efforts from Seton Hall and Providence in '99, followed by a pair of losses to Boston College in 2000. DOUBLE-DOUBLE - The 1999 Irish baseball and softball teams combined for an .878 (36-5) winning percentage in BIG EAST regular-season play, the best combined winning percentage by one school since the league began sponsoring softball in '92. The softball team went 16-0 for the first undefeated season in BIG EAST history and the baseball team went 20-5 (no other BIG EAST baseball team ever has totaled more than 18 wins). Notre Dame became the first BIG EAST school ever to post the top regular-season winning percentages in baseball and softball in the same season.

Conferences [Football] Groups into which teams are divided in professional and college football; the NFL is divided into National and American Conferences.

Conformation [Horse Racing] The physical makeup of and bodily proportions of a horse how it is put together.

Conforming Ball [Golf] Any golf ball that is permitted for tournament use under the USGA Rules of Golf as detailed in Rule Book Appendix III.

Conforming Club [Golf] A golf club whose construction permits it to be used in events as sanctioned by the USGA.

Confusion [Golf] A game in which a point is awarded to the first player of the group to get to the green, one for the players closest to the pin and one for the first player to hole out. The winner is the player with the highest number of points.

Congenital [Horse Racing] Present at birth.

Connecting Rod [Motor Sports] The arm that connects the piston to the crankshaft and converts the reciprocating motion into rotary motion.

Connections [Horse Racing] Persons identified with a horse, such as owner, trainer, rider and stable employees.

Connector [Poker] Cards of consecutive ranks, especially pocket cards, are connectors. If they're also of the same suit, they're suited connectors - A hold'em starting hand in which the two cards are one apart in rank. Examples: KQs, 76 - Consecutive cards which might make a straight.

Conrod [Motor Sports] Shorthand term for a connecting rod. Used more among Indy car racing people; not as often heard among Stock car people.

Consecutive Declaration [Poker] In a high-low split game, a method of indicating, prior to the showdown, whether you're going for high, low, or both. In home and private games, such declaration is usually done simultaneously, by everyone, for example, opening his hand at once to reveal none, one, or two chips, representing, respectively, low, high, or both ways (sometimes called scoop or hog).

Conservative [Poker] Describing a player, or the play of one, who does not bet unless it is very likely that he has the best hand.

Consolation Double [Horse Racing] A payoff to holders of daily double tickets combining the winning horse in the first race of the double with a scratched horse in the second.

Consolation Match [Soccer] A tournament game played between the losers of the 2 semifinal matches to determine the third-place team.

Consolation Payoff [Horse Racing] Using a daily double as an example, when a horse is scratched from the second race after daily double betting begins, money is set aside to pay those who have bought tickets pairing horses with the winner of the first race.

Consolation Race [Motor Sports] Sometimes called the "consy", this is a race for teams who fail to qualify for a feature race or main event. (Some people incorrectly use this term to refer to a B-main.) The consolation typically will come with a small amount of prize money for the top few finishers, or the promoter might offer to cover the day's expenses of the consy winner. The purpose of the consolation race is to encourage the teams that failed to qualify to come back and try again at the promoter's next event.

Consolation(s) [Bingo] The prize or prizes offered on some "special" or "flimsy" games if there is no winner in a predetermined number of calls.

Console [Motor Sports] This may refer to the unit found between the front driver and passenger seat that contains the automatic transmission shifter, cupholders and a storage compartment. But it can also refer to the section of the instrument panel that includes the controls for the sound system and climate-control system, particularly if the panel flows down the center of the vehicle and includes the automatic-transmission shifter.

Constant Velocity (Cv) [Motor Sports] Joint or Halfshaft A shaft that transmits engine power from the transmission to the wheel. CV joints allow the wheel to steer and follow suspension motion while receiving power. CV joints are used in front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and all-wheel drive vehicles.

Constant Weight [Golf] A shafting concept in which all of the shafts in a given set weigh the same. The idea is to promote consistent feel through this concept.

Constant-Velocity Joint (Cv Joint) [Motor Sports] On front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive vehicles, a coupling that allows the front axle to turn at a constant speed at various angles when the vehicle turns. The CV joint is a shaft that transmits engine power from the transmission to the wheel.

Constructors' Championship [Motor Sports] The equivalent of a Manufacturers' Championship. A championship award for the cars' builders.

Contact [Croquet] To touch or make contact with another ball. A foul when your your mallet contacts another ball and the turn ends.

Contact Patch [Motor Sports] The portion of the tire that makes contact with the racing surface. The size of each tire's contact patch changes as the car is driven.

Container [Skydiving] A container is the backpack a skydiver wears and holds the main parachute, reserve parachute & AAD.

Contest Board [Motor Sports] Midwestern Council's competition directors. Minimum two reps from each club, with the club chief steward having one vote, the other rep(s) having one vote. Same make-up as the MC Board of Directors, except for voting pattern.

Continent [Sailing] A large land mass, such as Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America.

Continental Grip [Tennis] Method of holding the racquet for playing powerful backhands, serves, volleys and smashes. The most common grip for forehand and backhand strokes.

Continental Shelf [Sailing] A region of relatively shallow water surrounding each of the continents.

Contingency Award [Motor Sports] Money or prizes that are awarded to race participants by parties other than the race promoter. The contingency award may be based on performance, on a team's use of a sponsor's product, or any other criteria that the party sponsoring the award feels like imposing.

Continuation Stroke [Croquet] The extra stroke earned by running a wicket, and the stroke after making a croquet.

Continuous Design [Lotto] A set of tickets that while connected form a continuous picture.

Continuous Spin [Synchro Swimming] A descending spin with a rapid rotation through 720 degrees or more; i.e., two complete revolutions of the body.

Contract Rider [Horse Racing] Jockey on whose services to an owner or trainer, by contract, has first call.

Contribution by Equal Shares [Motor Sports] Provision in insurance contracts which requires each company to share equally in the loss until the share of each equals the lowest limit of liability under any policy or the full amount of loss is paid.

Control [Wrestling] Control, sometimes called "advantage", is when a wrestler is in a position in which he can control and maintain restraining power over his opponent. The top of offensive wrestler usually maintains a position of control from the rear on the mat.

Control of the Ball [Water Polo] When not touching it, a player is considered in control of the ball if it is on the water in front of the horizontal plane of his or her shoulders.

Control Pitcher [Baseball] Phrase used to describe a pitcher who records less base on balls than most other pitchers.

Control Shot [Golf] A shot played with emphasis on accuracy, often hit with less than full power. Also "controlled shot."

Control Steel [Luge] A steel instrument mounted along the track to measure the control temperature.

Control Temperature [Luge] A reference temperature, taken by the control steel. The temperature of each sled's steels is compared to the control temperature to ensure that the steels have not been illegally heated.

Controlling the Game Clock [Football] The use of tactics by an offensive team to either save or use up time on the game clock, which often dictates its choice of plays.

Conventions [Fencing] The rules governing fencing for a specific weapon.

Converging [Skiing] When the ski tips are closer together than the tails -- as in a snowplough, or when stem turning. See also diverging.

Conversation [Fencing] The back-and-forth play of the blades in a fencing match, composed of phrases (phrases d'armes) punctuated by gaps of no blade action.

Conversion [Rugby] A kick at the goal posts, after a try has been awarded, that scores 2 points. It can be a dropkick or a placekick. If a placekick, the opponents can rush as soon as the kicker moves toward the ball, but a dropkick can't be rushed. The kick is taken from a spot perpendicular to where the try was awarded.

Convert [Blackjack] To break down the bet and then pay using higher denomination checks. (i.e. for a $45 dollar bet pay with two $25 checks and take one $5 check for change or for a $20 blackjack pay with two $25 checks and take the $20 dollar bet for change)

Convertible [Motor Sports] Any car with a removable top, either a rag (cloth) top or hard top.

Convex [Poker] A card trimmed such that its middles are narrower than its ends.

Convex Card [Poker] A card trimmed such that its middles are narrower than its ends.

Cool-Out Area [Greyhound Racing] An area where racing greyhounds cool down following a race. At most tracks water is provided as well as ample room to walk around.

Coolant [Motor Sports] Liquid used to carry heat away from the engine. Sometimes called antifreeze.

Cooler [Blackjack] Colloquial expression for the pack of pre-arranged cards (usually in 6- or 8-deck games) with which a cheating team, through collusion with pit crew members and especially the dealer, replaces the original casino cards, just before their insertion in the shoe. Extremely profitable for the cheaters if they can pull it off and a most serious felony for everyone involved.

Cooling Out [Horse Racing] Restoring a horse to normal temperature, usually by walking, after it has become overheated during exercise. All horses that are exercised are cooled out.

Coordinated Universal Time [Sailing] A time standard that is not affected by time zones or seasons. Time measured in coordinated universal time labeled with the term zulu. It is used so that people around the world can communicate about time without regard to individual time zones.

Cop [Blackjack] Palming a chip off the top of a stack of chips (to cop a chip).

Cop Checks [Poker] Steal chips out of pots, usually done by a check cop.

Coquille [Fencing] The bell-shaped guard of a foil or epee.

Cordage [Sailing] Any rope or line.

Cords [Basketball] The net.

Core [Golf] The center of the golf ball.

Core (Ball) [Golf] Any one of various material used inside the golf ball. A solid core ball utilizes a hard material inside the cover; a wound core ball typically has softer core covered by a series of windings and the cover.

Core (Grip) [Golf] The inside diameter measurement of a grip. Typically core sizes match shaft butt sizes. For example, an M60 grip core will match with a .600” shaft butt size and produce a standard size grip.

Corking [Skydiving] A term used to describe the act of suddenly slowing down by presenting a large horizontal surface area to the relative wind. From the perspective of others who are still in the vertical (fast) posture, the "corker" appears to pop up, much like a cork held under water, then released.

Corn [Horse Racing] A corn is a bruise under the sole of the hoof. It usually comes from stepping on a stone or some other hard object.

Cornbred [Craps] Horn bet, high on big red. A drunk was calling this out. Meant to say Hornbred. Heard at Texas Station, North Las Vegas.

Corner [Croquet] To hit your ball or croquet another ball into a corner for defensive purposes. This shot can also be a tice.

Corner Arc [Soccer] A quarter-circle with a radius of 1 yard located at each of the 4 corners of the field; on a corner kick, the ball must be kicked from inside this arc.

Corner Area [Soccer] See Corner arc.

Corner Bend [Poker] A crimp on the corner of a card, for identification by a cheat.

Corner Bet [Roulette] One wager that bets four numbers at the same time. Also known as a Square Bet or a Quarter Bet. Pays off at 8-1.

Corner Cannon Shot [Croquet] Combination of rush and croquet stroke; roqueting a ball after taking croquet from another ball that is in the corner.

Corner Flag [Soccer] The flag located at each of the 4 corners of the field, inside the corner area.

Corner Flags [Croquet] Placed at the four corners of the course.

Corner Kick [Soccer] A type of restart where the ball is kicked from the corner arc in an attempt to score; awarded to an attacking team when the ball crosses the goal line last touched by the defending team.

Corner Pegs [Croquet] These are placed a yard on each side of the corner flags.

Corner Seat [Poker] In a game dealt by a house dealer, either one of the two seats next to the dealer.

Corner Station [Motor Sports] Race staff station at or near corners. Usually raised and/or protected.

Corner Throw [Water Polo] A free throw awarded to the attacking team if a defensive player touched the ball last before it went out over the goal line. It's taken from the two-meter line on the side nearest the spot where the ball went out of bounds.

Corner Worker [Motor Sports] A person who stands near a turn in a road race to help the driver in the event of a crash or malfunction.

Cornerback or Safety Blitz [Football] A blitz package in which the corners or safetys, instead of covering the receivers, rush the quarterback.

Cornerman [Basketball] A forward.

Cornice [Skiing] An overhanging lip or ridge of snow.

Corno Breton [Martial Arts] Also known as Cornish wrestling, this form of grappling is very similar to Japanese judo. The most significant difference is that a wrestler is not permitted to go to the ground with an opponent, but must make the throw while standing.

Coronary Band [Horse Racing] Where the hair meets the hoof. Also called the "coronet."

Coronet [Horse Racing] The area just above the hoof or the "crown of the hoof".

Corporate Average Fuel Economy (Cafe) [Motor Sports] The government tracks the average fuel economy of all the vehicles produced in a single model-year by each individual manufacturer. CAFE is that rating.

Corps a Corps [Fencing] Bodily contact between fencers; the French for "body to body."

Corps-a-Corps [Fencing] Lit. "body-to-body"; physical contact between the two fencers during a bout, illegal in foil and sabre.

Correct Conditioning [Keno] The writing of a ticket to correspond with the exact wishes of the player.

Correct Score [General] A wager that involves correctly predicting the final score of a game.

Correct Weight [Greyhound Racing] Horses are allocated a weight to carry that is checked before and, for at least the placegetters, after a race. Correct weight must be signaled before bets can be paid out.

Corticosteroids [Horse Racing] Hormones that are either naturally produced by the adrenal gland or man-made. They function as anti-inflammatory hormones or hormones that regulate the chemical stability (homeostasis) of the body. One common misconception is that a horse which has received corticosteroids experiences an increase in its natural abilities and therefore has an unfair advantage. At the present time, there is no scientific evidence to support such a perception. See AAEP position on anabolic and corticosteroids in veterinary supplement.

Corytus, Coryto [Archery] A bow case.

Cosmetics [Poker] Markings put on the backs of cards with wax, paint, ink, or some other fluid, even smudges, so that a thief can read the ranks (and sometimes suits) of the cards from the back; alterations made to the natural design on the backs of the cards.

Cosworth [Motor Sports] Engine manufacturing company which has cooperatively developed racing motors with Ford for many years. Named after co-founders Mike Costain and Keith Duckworth.

Cotter Pin [Sailing] A small metal pin used to keep other parts from changing their position, such as to keep a nut from turning or a clevis pin from falling out.

Cough [Horse Racing] To expel air from the lungs in a spasmodic manner. Can be a result of inflammation or irritation to the upper airways (pharynx, larynx or trachea) or may involve the lower airways of the lungs (deep cough).

Coule [Fencing] A straight thrust on which the blade grazes lightly down the opponent's blade.

Coule' [Fencing] Also graze, glise', or glissade; an attack or feint that slides along the opponent's blade.

Count [Blackjack] 1. To put a value on each card other than face value and to keep a running total of that value as an aid in betting and playing the cards. 2. An inventory of the chips in a dealer's tray usually at the end of the shift or when the drop boxes are changed.

Count Down [Blackjack] To put the chips in your tray into regulation size stacks (20 chips is a stack) so the floor person can count them without interfering with the play of the game.